Modal logic, an extension of classical logic, investigates the modes of truth such as necessity and possibility. Its development has been closely intertwined with advances in proof theory, a field ...

Tradition states that above the entrance to Plato’s Academy were inscribed the words, “Let no one ignorant of geometry enter here.” A student in the modal logic interim course studies how subjunctives ...

Kit Fine (Philos Perspect 8:1–16, 1994) famously objected against the idea that essence can be successfully analyzed in terms of de re necessity. In response, Iwant to explore a novel, interesting, ...

A simple, bivalent semantics is defined for Łukasiewicz's 4-valued modal logic Łm4. It is shown that according to this semantics, the essential presupposition underlying Łm4 is the following: A is a ...