Monetary policy guides inflation and economic growth. Learn what it means, the main types, and how central banks manage interest rates and stabilize the economy.

This model may define the next generation of global finance, shaped by digital adoption, institutional evolution and sustained global demand for dollars.

It was no surprise that the National Bank of Poland kept interest rates unchanged, with the reference rate at 4.00%. We expect the next rate cut as early as March with the update of the central bank’s inflation projection, and see room for at least three cuts this year

The present monetary inflation without break is the longest on record. So, it's difficult to know how the current inflationary boom will finally unravel. But

Despite aggressive interest rate hikes, inflation in Bangladesh remains stubbornly high, exposing deep flaws in market management and supply-side governance that monetary policy alone cannot fix

We construct a new dataset of FOMC meeting transcripts from 1966 to 1990 to analyze the sources of heterogeneity in individual monetary policy preferences and study how this heterogeneity shapes policy decisions.

Even Milton Friedman—who never supported gold as money—admitted that a monetary system based on gold would “take care of itself.” Instead, our money is created

The recent pronouncement by the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe governor, John Mushayavanhu, that the country will “continue and entrench the current trend of foreign currency reserves accumulation” through “strategic mineral purchases” in 2026, is thus a continuation of this long and precarious journey towards currency credibility.

At the monetary policy assessment of 9 and 10 December 2025, the Governing Board of the Swiss National Bank decided to leave the SNB policy rate unchanged at 0%. The SNB communicated its monetary policy decision to the public on 11 December 2025.